3.3.3. The paraphrase of the past perfect form The past tense is often used instead of the past perfect form (PaPF) in the after clause, the when clause and the as soon as clause, moreover the main clause following the before clause. It is often seen in spoken since PaPF is formal In the case of this, the past tense is used in both of the main clause and the subordinate clause, and the time order depends on the utterance order. But the after clause and the before clause have the explicit time relation, therefore, they do not depend on it. See the following examples. (31) a. When I came back from the business trip, I found the new recruits were in the office. b. She took a shower before going to college. If the clause order is changed in (31a), to keep the time order, PaPF is used. See the following example. (32) I found the new recruits were in the office when I had come back from the business trip. But (31a) is usually used. And it does not need in (31b) since the before phrase is used. See the following example. (33) Before she went to college she took a shower. (*16) *16 The past tense is not always used like the above, because PaPF itself has the particular meanings. That phenomenon is usually seen in the explicit time relationship like the before clause and the explicit utterance order.

Copyright (c) EnglishCafe : Unapproved printing of the text and figure in this site is forbidden.